Australia’s escalating obesity crisis has prompted renewed discussions about subsidising weight-loss medications, including Ozempic, Mounjaro, and Wegovy. Recent statistics reveal that four in five older adults in Australia are now classified as overweight or obese. While momentum is building to include these medications in the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), experts caution that funding alone may not adequately address the issue.
Dr Giles Yeo, a Professor of Genetics at the University of Cambridge, recently spoke on Sunrise, emphasising that while subsidising these drugs would be beneficial, expectations must remain realistic. He stated, “I think it is a powerful drug to treat obesity. But I get the feeling we’re still not going to get enough out there yet.”
The situation in the United Kingdom serves as a cautionary example. Despite the NHS subsidising these drugs, approximately 95% of users still incur private costs due to strict eligibility criteria and supply limitations. In Australia, access to these medications is even more restricted. Currently, Wegovy is subsidised only for patients with obesity who have previously experienced a stroke or heart attack. As a result, many individuals face out-of-pocket expenses ranging from $4,000 to $5,000 annually.
Dr Yeo highlighted a significant equity issue stemming from limited access, asserting, “These drugs are not cosmetic. There are too many people taking it to try and get into their bikini to try and fit into the dress. These drugs are to treat obesity and obesity leading to a number of other diseases.” For those living with severe obesity, he noted that these medications can be transformative, lowering risks associated with type 2 diabetes, heart disease, certain cancers, and even Alzheimer’s disease.
The urgency of the situation is underscored by the fact that more than 400,000 Australians currently pay for these medications privately. Overall, around six million Australians are affected by obesity. The World Health Organization has endorsed these drugs for long-term obesity treatment, although they do not work for everyone. Research indicates that between 5% and 10% of patients do not respond to the medication for reasons that remain unclear.
Common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and digestive discomfort. Additionally, muscle loss can occur unless the medication is combined with weight-bearing exercise. As discussions about potential subsidies continue, Dr Yeo warned that the obesity crisis is unlikely to be resolved through medication alone. He believes that even with public funding, demand will likely exceed available supply.
Health Minister Mark Butler has confirmed that he has received recommendations from PBS experts to list Wegovy for individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 35 and established cardiovascular disease. The debate over subsidising weight-loss medications in Australia highlights the complex interplay between health needs and economic considerations as the nation grapples with its obesity crisis.
