Concerns have emerged in Australia regarding the effectiveness of certain iron supplements marketed to consumers, particularly among patients suffering from kidney failure. According to Dr. Geraldine Moses, a clinical pharmacy expert, many of these products contain alarmingly low levels of elemental iron—often less than 5 mg per dose—making them largely ineffective for treating iron deficiency.
Patients on kidney dialysis frequently require iron supplements due to the disease’s impact on red blood cell production, which can lead to anemia. Moses highlighted the issue after a conversation with a nurse who reported that patients were purchasing these inadequate iron supplements, which are available in supermarkets and online. Despite being labeled as iron supplements, some products have no more iron than a slice of bread or a bowl of cornflakes.
Regulatory Oversight Needed
Moses’s concerns are echoed by Prof. Jennifer Martin, president of the Royal Australian College of Physicians. She emphasized that many iron supplements are classified as “food supplements” or “listed medications” by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). This classification means they face fewer requirements to prove their efficacy compared to prescription medications. Martin stated, “An immediate solution is for doctors to specify exactly which product they want patients to use when prescribing iron.”
Both experts argue for stronger regulatory oversight of iron supplements. Martin pointed out that the current system allows products with minimal iron content to make claims about preventing iron deficiency. She urged for better transparency in how supplements are marketed and called for the TGA to reassess the regulations governing such products.
The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood recommends a daily intake of 100–200 mg of elemental iron for those with iron deficiency anemia. Despite the availability of over 100 iron-containing preparations in Australia, few provide a therapeutic dose necessary for effective treatment. The organization advises caution with multivitamin-mineral supplements, as they typically contain low levels of elemental iron, often 5 mg or less.
Consumer Awareness and Health Recommendations
Moses, who also serves as an adjunct associate professor at the University of Queensland, criticized the TGA for allowing products that make misleading claims about preventing iron deficiency. She noted that many low-dose products marketed as gentle on the stomach actually contain negligible amounts of iron.
In light of these findings, Martin called for increased regulation of pharmacies to ensure that consumers receive accurate information regarding iron supplements. She stated, “We need better ways to ensure people know the differences between treatments backed by evidence and those that aren’t.”
For individuals concerned about their iron intake, it is crucial to consult a general practitioner (GP) for testing and advice. Factors such as other medications, absorption issues, and underlying health conditions can all affect iron requirements. Those diagnosed with iron deficiency typically need between 150 mg and 200 mg of elemental iron daily.
Consumers are advised to check labels for “elemental iron” and the amount per dose. Products with an AUST R number indicate that they have been fully evaluated by the TGA for safety, quality, and efficacy. It is important for patients to seek recommendations from their GP rather than relying solely on over-the-counter supplements.
As the debate continues over the efficacy and marketing of iron supplements, experts urge consumers to remain vigilant and informed about what they are purchasing for their health.
