The rare fungus Antrodia cinnamomea, also known as Taiwanofungus camphoratus, has shown potential in combating cancer cells, according to recent research conducted by scientists at National Taiwan University and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University. This fungus, which is native to Taiwan and associated with an endangered tree species, has long been utilized in traditional herbal medicines.
Researchers have identified that a specific type of sugar molecule, known as sulfate polysaccharides (SPS), plays a crucial role in the fungus’s cancer-fighting properties. SPS is a sulfated galactoglucan, a complex sugar composed of glucose, galactose, and sulfate. Previous studies indicated that both the fungus and SPS exhibit anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, but the precise mechanisms remained unclear until now.
To further investigate the bioactive properties of A. cinnamomea, the research team developed innovative methods to enhance the production of SPS in laboratory settings. Among the compounds produced, one particularly noteworthy molecule, designated N50 F2, was found to effectively reduce inflammation markers in cells and inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells.
While these findings are promising, the researchers emphasize the need for further studies involving live subjects to confirm the efficacy of these compounds in clinical settings. In their published paper, the researchers stated, “The current study shows that A. cinnamomea SPS has a strong anti-inflammatory effect and inhibits cancer cells in vitro.”
The research underscores the importance of exploring natural resources for potential cancer treatments. Previous investigations have highlighted the therapeutic potential of various natural sources, including plants, tardigrades, and even scorpion venom. With this new discovery, A. cinnamomea joins the expanding roster of natural substances that could lead to novel cancer therapies.
Chia-Chuan Chang, a pharmaceutical scientist at National Taiwan University, noted, “Our study demonstrates the potential of natural fungal compounds for pharmaceutical development. With a fully controlled production and extraction process, we are optimistic about future applications in both health supplements and clinical treatments.”
The findings were published in the journal Carbohydrate Polymers, marking a significant step forward in the field of cancer research. While the transition from laboratory research to practical applications in medicine is complex, the potential benefits of this rare fungus are becoming increasingly clear. Researchers are hopeful that with continued investigation, A. cinnamomea could contribute to new, effective cancer treatments in the future.
