Cannabis use disorder affects a significant portion of users in Australia, where approximately 41% of the population reports having tried cannabis at least once. Research indicates that around 22% of recreational users and about 25% of medicinal cannabis consumers meet the criteria for this disorder. These figures highlight a growing concern about the potential risks associated with cannabis use, particularly as societal perceptions of the drug become increasingly lenient.
Understanding cannabis use disorder is essential for those who may be struggling with their consumption. This condition manifests when individuals find it challenging to control their cannabis use, leading them to rely on the substance to cope with stress, insomnia, or discomfort. For some, what begins as occasional use can escalate into daily consumption, often driven by a growing tolerance that requires higher amounts of cannabis to achieve the same effects.
A person with cannabis use disorder may find themselves using more than they intended or experiencing difficulties at work or in fulfilling personal responsibilities. Symptoms can include clouded thoughts, memory issues, and increased anxiety. As usage becomes more pronounced, friends and family may express concern, but the individual may struggle to reduce their consumption due to withdrawal symptoms like irritability and sleep disturbances.
Identifying Symptoms and Diagnosis
Health professionals utilize specific criteria to diagnose cannabis use disorder. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), a diagnosis can be made if an individual exhibits at least two of the following symptoms within a year:
– Consuming larger amounts or over longer periods than intended
– Experiencing cravings for cannabis
– Failing to cut back despite a desire to do so
– Continuing use despite worsening physical or psychological problems
– Neglecting major responsibilities at work, school, or home
– Developing a tolerance, requiring greater amounts for the same effect
– Experiencing withdrawal symptoms, such as anxiety or sleep disturbances
The DSM categorizes the severity of cannabis use disorder based on the number of symptoms present, with two to three symptoms indicating a mild disorder and six or more symptoms indicating a severe disorder.
Risk Factors and Chronic Pain Connection
Certain demographics are at a higher risk for developing cannabis use disorder. Frequent users, particularly those who consume cannabis daily or use products with high levels of THC, are more likely to encounter issues. Additionally, individuals who start using cannabis at a young age or use it to alleviate symptoms of anxiety, depression, or chronic pain may find themselves more vulnerable.
Interestingly, while some people turn to cannabis for relief from chronic pain, recent studies have raised questions about its effectiveness in managing such conditions. Users may increase their consumption in an effort to control their pain, inadvertently leading to a cannabis use disorder. This cycle can exacerbate the challenges they face in their daily lives.
To mitigate the risk of developing cannabis use disorder, individuals are encouraged to limit their consumption, particularly avoiding daily use and high-THC products. With the legal landscape shifting in many countries, including Australia, access to cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes has increased.
For those concerned about their cannabis use, it is advisable to consult a medical practitioner or reach out to the National Alcohol and Other Drug Hotline at 1800 250 015 for confidential support and advice.
The insights provided in this article are informed by research conducted by experts including Wayne Hall, who has advised the World Health Organization on cannabis-related health effects, and researchers Danielle Dawson and Valentina Lorenzetti, who have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic roles.
Understanding cannabis use disorder is crucial as society continues to navigate the complexities surrounding cannabis use, its benefits, and its potential risks.
