Research conducted by scientists at National Taiwan University and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University has unveiled promising cancer-fighting properties in the rare fungus Antrodia cinnamomea, also known as Taiwanofungus camphoratus. Found exclusively in Taiwan and associated with an endangered tree species, this fungus has been utilized in traditional herbal medicine. The recent study highlights a specific type of sugar molecule linked to its anti-cancer capabilities.
The researchers identified a group of compounds produced by the fungus known as sulfate polysaccharides (SPS). This class of molecules is a sulfated galactoglucan, which combines glucose, galactose, and sulfate. Although both the fungus and SPS have been associated with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, the precise mechanisms remain largely unexplored.
To delve deeper into the bioactive properties of A. cinnamomea, the research team developed innovative technology aimed at increasing the production of SPS molecules. Among the various compounds analyzed, one in particular, identified as N50 F2, demonstrated significant effects in laboratory settings. In cell experiments, N50 F2 effectively reduced inflammation markers and inhibited lung cancer cell growth.
While these findings are promising, researchers underscore the necessity for further testing in living subjects, rather than solely in cell cultures. As noted in their published work, “The current study shows that A. cinnamomea SPS has a strong anti-inflammatory effect and inhibits cancer cells in vitro,” indicating the potential for new therapeutic developments.
The discovery underscores the importance of exploring natural sources for potential cancer treatments. Previous studies have indicated that various organisms—including plants, tardigrades, and even scorpion venom—can contribute to combating cancer via different mechanisms. With the identification of A. cinnamomea, there is now a greater emphasis on the role of fungi in medicinal applications.
Pharmaceutical scientist Chia-Chuan Chang from National Taiwan University expressed optimism about the implications of this research, stating, “Our study demonstrates the potential of natural fungal compounds for pharmaceutical development.” He highlighted that with controlled production and extraction processes, there is hope for future applications in both health supplements and clinical treatments.
The findings have been published in the scientific journal Carbohydrate Polymers, adding to the growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of natural substances. As researchers continue to explore the capabilities of A. cinnamomea, the pathway from laboratory findings to practical medical treatments becomes increasingly viable. The journey to translate these discoveries into safe and effective therapies for cancer patients is just beginning, but the results thus far are encouraging.
