Jim Bolger, a significant figure in New Zealand politics, has died at the age of 90. Known for his role as prime minister from 1990 to 1997, Bolger was a transformative leader who prioritized reconciliation with the Maori community. His passing was announced on March 15, 2024, following complications from kidney failure, surrounded by his wife of 62 years, Joan Bolger, and their large family.
Bolger, born to Irish Catholic immigrants, grew up in Taranaki and began his career as a farmer. He entered politics and returned the centre-right National Party to power, serving three terms that would reshape the nation’s political landscape. His tenure was marked by significant reforms, including welfare cuts and the introduction of proportional representation, which led to decades of coalition governments.
A Legacy of Reconciliation and Reform
Under Bolger’s leadership, New Zealand witnessed a pivotal shift in its relationship with the Maori. He championed treaty settlements, negotiating agreements that offered formal apologies and compensation to Maori tribes for past injustices. Reflecting on his motivations, Bolger stated, “because it is the right thing to do,” in response to questions from colleagues about his commitment to these settlements.
His approach to governance has been described as wise and compassionate. Former Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating remarked, “Jim Bolger was a conservative prime minister but in my experience, a particularly wise one.” The sentiment was echoed by current Prime Minister Chris Luxon, who noted that Bolger was “a towering figure in New Zealand’s political life.” Luxon emphasized Bolger’s vision of leadership as preparing a better future rather than merely managing the present.
Bolger’s political career was not without controversy. His reforms often sparked significant opposition, particularly from the Maori community, who protested welfare cuts and the sale of public assets. Willie Jackson, a former Maori Development Minister, candidly admitted that he once wanted to “punch (Bolger) in the face” for policies that affected his community. Yet, he acknowledged Bolger’s importance in shaping national dialogue around race relations.
Reflections on a Political Journey
Throughout his 25 years in parliament, Bolger’s influence extended beyond domestic policies. After leaving office in 1998, he served as New Zealand’s ambassador to the United States and later became chair of state-owned Kiwibank. He also held a strong republican stance, famously refusing a knighthood, a position shared by his successor, Helen Clark.
Opposition Leader Chris Hipkins reflected on Bolger’s legacy, suggesting that the former prime minister might have struggled to reconcile the outcomes of some of his policies with his values. He noted, “I did get the sense that he struggled to reconcile his own values with the consequences of some of the things that happened during his time in politics.”
As Parliament paused its business to honor Bolger’s life, many shared their memories of a leader who, despite his conservative roots, sought to foster understanding and progress. His commitment to addressing historical grievances has left a lasting impact on New Zealand’s political and social landscape.
Bolger’s death marks the end of an era for New Zealand politics, and his contributions to the country will be remembered as pivotal in shaping its future.
